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An analysis published by INSEE Hauts-de-France on 20 October 2026 found that 29.8% of the cars most used by households in the region in 2022 were Crit’Air 3 or higher, or unclassified. The share was 30.2% across mainland France outside Île-de-France. Among car-owning households with the lowest incomes in the region, 48.7% used cars in those classes, compared with 16.2% among the highest-income households.

The study put the share of households owning a car at 74.2% and the average annual distance covered by their most-used car at 13,650 kilometres. The share of older, higher-emission cars varied from 24.7% in the Lille employment area to 35.3% in Maubeuge. The findings use 2022 household and vehicle records; separate 2025 registration data showed electric cars made up 17.1% of new registrations in the region.