Norway’s Ministry of Climate and Environment said on 7 October that fossil fuels, including oil and gas, will be phased out for indirect heating in industrial processes at businesses outside the emissions-trading system. The ban is scheduled to take effect on 1 January 2030 and is expected to affect about 300 businesses, including food processing, fisheries, animal-feed production and pulp and paper. Waste incineration is excluded.

The government estimates the measure could reduce emissions by 700,000 tonnes of carbon-dioxide equivalent by 2030. Companies may seek exemptions if the electricity grid lacks capacity or compliance would impose very high costs. The ministry said Enova support is available for options such as electric boilers, industrial heat pumps, waste-heat recovery and solid biofuels.