{"version":"1","article":{"id":"turkey-government-accounts-2025","slug":"turkey-government-accounts-2025","language":"en","url":"https://haberpaper.com/en/news/turkey-government-accounts-2025","api_url":"https://haberpaper.com/api/v1/articles/turkey-government-accounts-2025?lang=en","title":"Türkiye’s general-government deficit fell to 0.9% of GDP in 2025","summary":"TurkStat’s October 1 national-accounts release puts the deficit at TRY 600.427 billion and details revenue, spending, debt and the composition of tax and social-contribution receipts.","category":"fiscal","region":"turkiye","topics":[],"published_at":"2026-10-04T13:00:06+03:00","modified_at":"2026-10-04T13:00:06+03:00","publication_basis":"publication-record","event_period":"2025-12","event_period_basis":"event-or-reference-period","sources":[{"name":"Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK)","url":"https://veriportali.tuik.gov.tr/tr/press/58117","publishedAt":"2026-10-01","checkedAt":"2026-10-04"},{"name":"TÜİK, Government Accounts 2024 release and statistical-method description","url":"https://veriportali.tuik.gov.tr/tr/press/54198","checkedAt":"2026-10-04"}],"translations":[{"language":"tr","url":"https://haberpaper.com/tr/news/turkey-government-accounts-2025","api_url":"https://haberpaper.com/api/v1/articles/turkey-government-accounts-2025?lang=tr"},{"language":"en","url":"https://haberpaper.com/en/news/turkey-government-accounts-2025","api_url":"https://haberpaper.com/api/v1/articles/turkey-government-accounts-2025?lang=en"},{"language":"ar","url":"https://haberpaper.com/ar/news/turkey-government-accounts-2025","api_url":"https://haberpaper.com/api/v1/articles/turkey-government-accounts-2025?lang=ar"},{"language":"fr","url":"https://haberpaper.com/fr/news/turkey-government-accounts-2025","api_url":"https://haberpaper.com/api/v1/articles/turkey-government-accounts-2025?lang=fr"},{"language":"es","url":"https://haberpaper.com/es/news/turkey-government-accounts-2025","api_url":"https://haberpaper.com/api/v1/articles/turkey-government-accounts-2025?lang=es"}],"data_types":["metrics"],"data":{"version":1,"blocks":[{"id":"government-accounts-2025","type":"metrics","title":{"tr":"Genel devlet mali göstergeleri","en":"General-government fiscal indicators","ar":"المؤشرات المالية للحكومة العامة","fr":"Indicateurs budgétaires des administrations publiques","es":"Indicadores fiscales del gobierno general"},"description":{"tr":"TÜİK’in 2025 referans yılı devlet hesaplarından seçilmiş akım ve oran ölçümleri. Nominal tutarlar cari Türk lirasıdır; vergi bileşimi yüzdelerinin paydası toplam vergi ve sosyal katkı geliridir.","en":"Selected flow and ratio measures from TurkStat’s government accounts for reference year 2025. Nominal amounts are in current Turkish lira; tax-composition percentages use total tax and social-contribution revenue as their denominator.","ar":"مقاييس مختارة للتدفقات والنسب من حسابات الحكومة لعام 2025. المبالغ الاسمية بالليرة التركية الجارية؛ ونسب تركيب الضرائب مقامها مجموع إيرادات الضرائب والمساهمات الاجتماعية.","fr":"Sélection de mesures de flux et de ratios des comptes publics de TurkStat pour 2025. Les montants nominaux sont en livres turques courantes ; les proportions fiscales ont pour dénominateur les recettes fiscales et cotisations sociales totales.","es":"Selección de medidas de flujo y ratios de las cuentas públicas de TurkStat para 2025. Los importes nominales están en liras turcas corrientes; los porcentajes fiscales usan como denominador los ingresos totales por impuestos y cotizaciones sociales."},"methodology":{"tr":"Derleme TÜİK’in ulusal hesap yaklaşımındaki genel devlet kapsamını izler. Açık ve harcamalar akım, brüt konsolide borç stok göstergesidir. Cari fiyatlı TL tutarları reel seri değildir. Kaynak bülten açıklamasına göre bütçe ve kamu muhasebesi kayıtlarıyla kapsam/kayıt esasları nedeniyle farklılık olabilir.","en":"Compiled under TurkStat’s national-accounts general-government perimeter. Deficit and expenditure are flows; consolidated gross debt is a stock. Current-price TRY amounts are not real series. TurkStat notes that scope and recording concepts can make these accounts differ from budget and public-accounting records.","ar":"يُجمع وفق نطاق الحكومة العامة في الحسابات القومية لدى المعهد. العجز والإنفاق تدفقات، والدين الإجمالي الموحد مخزون. المبالغ بالليرة الجارية ليست سلسلة حقيقية. وقد تختلف الحسابات عن سجلات الموازنة والمحاسبة الحكومية بسبب النطاق وأساس التسجيل.","fr":"Compilation selon le périmètre des administrations publiques des comptes nationaux de TurkStat. Déficit et dépenses sont des flux ; la dette brute consolidée est un stock. Les montants en livres courantes ne sont pas une série en volume. Les concepts et le périmètre peuvent différer des données budgétaires et comptables publiques.","es":"Compilación conforme al perímetro del gobierno general de las cuentas nacionales de TurkStat. Déficit y gasto son flujos; la deuda bruta consolidada es un stock. Los importes en liras corrientes no son una serie real. El alcance y los criterios contables pueden diferir de los datos presupuestarios y de contabilidad pública."},"sourceUrls":["https://veriportali.tuik.gov.tr/tr/press/58117","https://veriportali.tuik.gov.tr/tr/press/54198"],"updatedAt":"2026-10-04T03:56:00+03:00","items":[{"label":{"tr":"Genel devlet açığı / GSYH, 2024","en":"General-government deficit / GDP, 2024","ar":"عجز الحكومة العامة / الناتج، 2024","fr":"Déficit public / PIB, 2024","es":"Déficit del gobierno general / PIB, 2024"},"value":3.4,"unit":"percent","period":"2024","basis":"observed","measure":{"id":"general-government-deficit-gdp","unitCode":"percent","geography":"turkey","frequency":"annual","aggregation":"rate","periodRole":"reference-period"}},{"label":{"tr":"Genel devlet açığı / GSYH, 2025","en":"General-government deficit / GDP, 2025","ar":"عجز الحكومة العامة / الناتج، 2025","fr":"Déficit public / PIB, 2025","es":"Déficit del gobierno general / PIB, 2025"},"value":0.9,"unit":"percent","period":"2025","basis":"observed","measure":{"id":"general-government-deficit-gdp","unitCode":"percent","geography":"turkey","frequency":"annual","aggregation":"rate","periodRole":"reference-period"}},{"label":{"tr":"Genel devlet konsolide brüt borç stoku / GSYH, 2025","en":"Consolidated gross general-government debt / GDP, 2025","ar":"الدين الإجمالي الموحد للحكومة العامة / الناتج، 2025","fr":"Dette brute consolidée des administrations publiques / PIB, 2025","es":"Deuda bruta consolidada del gobierno general / PIB, 2025"},"value":23.7,"unit":"percent","period":"2025","basis":"observed","measure":{"id":"gross-debt-gdp","unitCode":"percent","geography":"turkey","frequency":"annual","aggregation":"stock","periodRole":"reference-period"}},{"label":{"tr":"Genel devlet toplam gelirleri, 2025","en":"Total general-government revenue, 2025","ar":"إجمالي إيرادات الحكومة العامة، 2025","fr":"Recettes totales des administrations publiques, 2025","es":"Ingresos totales del gobierno general, 2025"},"value":21.429677,"unit":"trillion TRY","period":"2025","basis":"observed","measure":{"id":"government-total-revenue","unitCode":"trillion-try","geography":"turkey","frequency":"annual","aggregation":"flow","periodRole":"reference-period"}},{"label":{"tr":"Toplam gelirler / GSYH, 2025","en":"Total revenue / GDP, 2025","ar":"إجمالي الإيرادات / الناتج، 2025","fr":"Recettes totales / PIB, 2025","es":"Ingresos totales / PIB, 2025"},"value":33.9,"unit":"percent","period":"2025","basis":"observed","measure":{"id":"government-revenue-gdp","unitCode":"percent","geography":"turkey","frequency":"annual","aggregation":"rate","periodRole":"reference-period"}},{"label":{"tr":"Genel devlet toplam harcamaları, 2025","en":"Total general-government expenditure, 2025","ar":"إجمالي نفقات الحكومة العامة، 2025","fr":"Dépenses totales des administrations publiques, 2025","es":"Gastos totales del gobierno general, 2025"},"value":22.030104,"unit":"trillion TRY","period":"2025","basis":"observed","measure":{"id":"government-total-expenditure","unitCode":"trillion-try","geography":"turkey","frequency":"annual","aggregation":"flow","periodRole":"reference-period"}},{"label":{"tr":"Toplam harcamalar / GSYH, 2025","en":"Total expenditure / GDP, 2025","ar":"إجمالي النفقات / الناتج، 2025","fr":"Dépenses totales / PIB, 2025","es":"Gastos totales / PIB, 2025"},"value":34.8,"unit":"percent","period":"2025","basis":"observed","measure":{"id":"government-expenditure-gdp","unitCode":"percent","geography":"turkey","frequency":"annual","aggregation":"rate","periodRole":"reference-period"}},{"label":{"tr":"Vergi ve sosyal katkı gelirleri, 2025","en":"Tax and social-contribution revenue, 2025","ar":"إيرادات الضرائب والمساهمات الاجتماعية، 2025","fr":"Recettes fiscales et cotisations sociales, 2025","es":"Ingresos por impuestos y cotizaciones sociales, 2025"},"value":17.00417,"unit":"trillion TRY","period":"2025","basis":"observed","measure":{"id":"tax-social-contributions","unitCode":"trillion-try","geography":"turkey","frequency":"annual","aggregation":"flow","periodRole":"reference-period"}},{"label":{"tr":"Üretim ve ithalat vergilerinin vergi ve sosyal katkı gelirlerindeki payı, 2024","en":"Taxes on production and imports / tax and social-contribution revenue, 2024","ar":"ضرائب الإنتاج والواردات / إيرادات الضرائب والمساهمات الاجتماعية، 2024","fr":"Impôts sur la production et les importations / recettes fiscales et sociales, 2024","es":"Impuestos sobre producción e importaciones / ingresos fiscales y sociales, 2024"},"value":46.6,"unit":"percent","period":"2024","basis":"observed","measure":{"id":"production-import-tax-share","unitCode":"percent","geography":"turkey","frequency":"annual","aggregation":"rate","periodRole":"reference-period"}},{"label":{"tr":"Üretim ve ithalat vergilerinin vergi ve sosyal katkı gelirlerindeki payı, 2025","en":"Taxes on production and imports / tax and social-contribution revenue, 2025","ar":"ضرائب الإنتاج والواردات / إيرادات الضرائب والمساهمات الاجتماعية، 2025","fr":"Impôts sur la production et les importations / recettes fiscales et sociales, 2025","es":"Impuestos sobre producción e importaciones / ingresos fiscales y sociales, 2025"},"value":44.5,"unit":"percent","period":"2025","basis":"observed","measure":{"id":"production-import-tax-share","unitCode":"percent","geography":"turkey","frequency":"annual","aggregation":"rate","periodRole":"reference-period"}},{"label":{"tr":"Gelir, servet ve benzeri üzerindeki cari vergilerin vergi ve sosyal katkı gelirlerindeki payı, 2025","en":"Current taxes on income, wealth and similar bases / tax and social-contribution revenue, 2025","ar":"الضرائب الجارية على الدخل والثروة وما يماثلهما / إيرادات الضرائب والمساهمات الاجتماعية، 2025","fr":"Impôts courants sur le revenu, le patrimoine et bases similaires / recettes fiscales et sociales, 2025","es":"Impuestos corrientes sobre renta, patrimonio y bases similares / ingresos fiscales y sociales, 2025"},"value":28.3,"unit":"percent","period":"2025","basis":"observed","measure":{"id":"current-income-wealth-tax-share","unitCode":"percent","geography":"turkey","frequency":"annual","aggregation":"rate","periodRole":"reference-period"}},{"label":{"tr":"Net sosyal katkıların vergi ve sosyal katkı gelirlerindeki payı, 2025","en":"Net social contributions / tax and social-contribution revenue, 2025","ar":"المساهمات الاجتماعية الصافية / إيرادات الضرائب والمساهمات الاجتماعية، 2025","fr":"Cotisations sociales nettes / recettes fiscales et sociales, 2025","es":"Cotizaciones sociales netas / ingresos fiscales y sociales, 2025"},"value":27.1,"unit":"percent","period":"2025","basis":"observed","measure":{"id":"net-social-contribution-share","unitCode":"percent","geography":"turkey","frequency":"annual","aggregation":"rate","periodRole":"reference-period"}},{"label":{"tr":"Sermaye vergilerinin vergi ve sosyal katkı gelirlerindeki payı, 2025","en":"Capital taxes / tax and social-contribution revenue, 2025","ar":"ضرائب رأس المال / إيرادات الضرائب والمساهمات الاجتماعية، 2025","fr":"Impôts en capital / recettes fiscales et sociales, 2025","es":"Impuestos sobre el capital / ingresos fiscales y sociales, 2025"},"value":0.1,"unit":"percent","period":"2025","basis":"observed","measure":{"id":"capital-tax-share","unitCode":"percent","geography":"turkey","frequency":"annual","aggregation":"rate","periodRole":"reference-period"}}]}]},"data_compilations":[{"id":"government-accounts-2025","creator":{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://haberpaper.com/#organization","name":"Haber Paper","url":"https://haberpaper.com/"},"license":{"@type":"CreativeWork","@id":"https://haberpaper.com/en/data-terms/v1#license","name":"Haber Paper Original Data Compilation License 1.0","url":"https://haberpaper.com/en/data-terms/v1"},"rights_scope":"Haber Paper original data arrangement, labels and methodology notes only; underlying source rights and permissions remain separate.","source_license_url":null}],"data_downloads":[{"id":"government-accounts-2025","formats":{"json":"https://haberpaper.com/api/v1/articles/turkey-government-accounts-2025/data/government-accounts-2025?lang=en&format=json","csv":"https://haberpaper.com/api/v1/articles/turkey-government-accounts-2025/data/government-accounts-2025?lang=en&format=csv"}}],"content":{"paragraphs":["The Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat) released its 2025 government accounts on October 1, 2026. It estimated the general-government deficit at TRY 600.427 billion, with the deficit equal to 0.9% of gross domestic product (GDP), down from 3.4% in 2024. The same bulletin put consolidated gross general-government debt at 23.7% of GDP. These figures describe different parts of the public-finance picture. The annual deficit is a flow balance between revenue and expenditure recorded for a period; the debt ratio compares a stock of liabilities with the size of the economy. Both are compiled within TurkStat’s national-accounts framework, so they should not be treated as interchangeable readings of one budget measure.","The sector breakdown helps explain why the consolidated result is not simply the central-government budget balance. TurkStat reported that central government recorded a deficit in 2025, while local government and social-security funds recorded surpluses. The release presents aggregate totals and ratios but does not state the amounts of those individual subsector balances in the summary, so they should not be inferred from the headline figure. General government brings together central and local government and social-security institutions under the statistical boundary used for the accounts. Its deficit can therefore differ from a cash balance in central-government budget documents. The 23.7% gross-debt ratio is also a stock measure, shaped by past financing and other transactions; it is not another name for the deficit recorded during 2025.","General-government revenue reached TRY 21.429677 trillion in 2025, equal to 33.9% of GDP. Expenditure totalled TRY 22.030104 trillion, or 34.8% of GDP. The difference between those nominal totals is TRY 600.427 billion, matching the reported deficit. Amounts are expressed in current Turkish lira. A rise in a nominal amount from one year to another would not, on its own, establish that the government purchased more services or that real spending increased: price changes and the changing nominal size of the economy matter. The GDP ratios put the flows beside an economy-wide denominator, but they are not budget-appropriation execution rates. Reading both the totals and the ratios keeps the scale and the relative size of the flows distinct.","The release also describes the composition of tax and social-contribution revenue. TurkStat reported a total of TRY 17.004170 trillion in 2025. Taxes on production and imports made up 44.5% of that total, down from 46.6% in 2024. Current taxes on income, wealth and similar bases accounted for 28.3%; net social contributions accounted for 27.1%; and capital taxes remained at 0.1%. These percentages use tax and social-contribution receipts as their denominator. They must not be read as shares of all government revenue or of GDP. A change in composition shares also does not by itself show that the cash amount collected from every category moved in the same direction, because the denominator and other categories can change too.","Government accounts are intended to present the economic activity of general government and its subsectors on an internationally comparable basis and to inform macroeconomic accounting and fiscal monitoring. TurkStat’s previous release explains that the accounts follow national-accounts concepts and can differ from budget data and public-accounting records. The institute compiles non-financial government accounts using administrative information that includes data from the Ministry of Treasury and Finance; fiscal-notification tables for European reporting are prepared with relevant public institutions. The 2025 figures refer to the year measured, while October 1, 2026 is the publication date. Neither a deficit ratio nor a debt ratio alone evaluates fiscal policy: coverage, accounting basis, the GDP denominator and revisions all affect interpretation. The data describe recorded aggregates; they do not establish what caused the year-on-year change or forecast later outcomes."],"key_points":[],"sections":[]},"text":"TurkStat’s October 1 national-accounts release puts the deficit at TRY 600.427 billion and details revenue, spending, debt and the composition of tax and social-contribution receipts.\n\nThe Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat) released its 2025 government accounts on October 1, 2026. It estimated the general-government deficit at TRY 600.427 billion, with the deficit equal to 0.9% of gross domestic product (GDP), down from 3.4% in 2024. The same bulletin put consolidated gross general-government debt at 23.7% of GDP. These figures describe different parts of the public-finance picture. The annual deficit is a flow balance between revenue and expenditure recorded for a period; the debt ratio compares a stock of liabilities with the size of the economy. Both are compiled within TurkStat’s national-accounts framework, so they should not be treated as interchangeable readings of one budget measure.\n\nThe sector breakdown helps explain why the consolidated result is not simply the central-government budget balance. TurkStat reported that central government recorded a deficit in 2025, while local government and social-security funds recorded surpluses. The release presents aggregate totals and ratios but does not state the amounts of those individual subsector balances in the summary, so they should not be inferred from the headline figure. General government brings together central and local government and social-security institutions under the statistical boundary used for the accounts. Its deficit can therefore differ from a cash balance in central-government budget documents. The 23.7% gross-debt ratio is also a stock measure, shaped by past financing and other transactions; it is not another name for the deficit recorded during 2025.\n\nGeneral-government revenue reached TRY 21.429677 trillion in 2025, equal to 33.9% of GDP. Expenditure totalled TRY 22.030104 trillion, or 34.8% of GDP. The difference between those nominal totals is TRY 600.427 billion, matching the reported deficit. Amounts are expressed in current Turkish lira. A rise in a nominal amount from one year to another would not, on its own, establish that the government purchased more services or that real spending increased: price changes and the changing nominal size of the economy matter. The GDP ratios put the flows beside an economy-wide denominator, but they are not budget-appropriation execution rates. Reading both the totals and the ratios keeps the scale and the relative size of the flows distinct.\n\nThe release also describes the composition of tax and social-contribution revenue. TurkStat reported a total of TRY 17.004170 trillion in 2025. Taxes on production and imports made up 44.5% of that total, down from 46.6% in 2024. Current taxes on income, wealth and similar bases accounted for 28.3%; net social contributions accounted for 27.1%; and capital taxes remained at 0.1%. These percentages use tax and social-contribution receipts as their denominator. They must not be read as shares of all government revenue or of GDP. A change in composition shares also does not by itself show that the cash amount collected from every category moved in the same direction, because the denominator and other categories can change too.\n\nGovernment accounts are intended to present the economic activity of general government and its subsectors on an internationally comparable basis and to inform macroeconomic accounting and fiscal monitoring. TurkStat’s previous release explains that the accounts follow national-accounts concepts and can differ from budget data and public-accounting records. The institute compiles non-financial government accounts using administrative information that includes data from the Ministry of Treasury and Finance; fiscal-notification tables for European reporting are prepared with relevant public institutions. The 2025 figures refer to the year measured, while October 1, 2026 is the publication date. Neither a deficit ratio nor a debt ratio alone evaluates fiscal policy: coverage, accounting basis, the GDP denominator and revisions all affect interpretation. The data describe recorded aggregates; they do not establish what caused the year-on-year change or forecast later outcomes.","corrections":[],"editorial_illustration":{"kind":"symbolic-editorial-illustration","documentary":false,"scope":"section","asset_id":"fiscal","url":"https://haberpaper.com/assets/illustrations/fiscal-1536.webp","width":1536,"height":1024,"alt":"Symbolic public finance illustration with a civic building, balanced scale and closed books.","language":"en"},"section_illustration":{"kind":"symbolic-editorial-illustration","documentary":false,"scope":"section","asset_id":"fiscal","url":"https://haberpaper.com/assets/illustrations/fiscal-1536.webp","width":1536,"height":1024,"alt":"Symbolic public finance illustration with a civic building, balanced scale and closed books.","language":"en"}}}